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BUILD. CHANGE. UNDERSTAND.

Circuit examples

Start with a working circuit, then make it your own. Every download is an editable BreadCircuit project.

01Start here

Light your first LED

Explore LED polarity and current with a battery, a resistor and a voltmeter.

DC · LED · Voltmeter

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02Analog lab

See an RC filter work

Compare a generated signal with the filtered output on two oscilloscope channels.

Generator · Capacitor · DSO

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03Digital lab

Build an AND gate

Toggle two inputs and watch a powered 74HC08 decide when to light the LED.

74HC08 · Switches · LED

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04Digital lab

Decode a decimal digit Pro

Use four binary switches and a CD4511 to drive a seven-segment display.

CD4511 · BCD · 7-segment

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05Pro laboratory

Characterization of NOR gate Pro

Toggle A and B. The output is HIGH only when both inputs are LOW.

74HC02

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06Pro laboratory

Half-adder Pro

Add two bits. Sum is XOR and Carry is AND.

74HC86 · 74HC08

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07Pro laboratory

Full-adder Pro

Add A, B and carry-in. Compare Sum and Carry with all eight input combinations.

74HC86 · 74HC08 · 74HC32

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08Pro laboratory

Half-subtractor Pro

Subtract B from A. Observe Difference and Borrow.

74HC86 · 74HC04 · 74HC08

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09Pro laboratory

Full-subtractor Pro

Subtract B and borrow-in from A. Test all eight input combinations.

74HC86 · 74HC04 · 74HC08 · 74HC32

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10Pro laboratory

Four-bit parallel adder Pro

Add two four-bit operands and carry-in. Bit 0 is the least significant bit.

74HC283

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11Pro laboratory

Binary to Gray code converter Pro

Compare binary inputs with Gray outputs; adjacent binary bits are XORed.

74HC86

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12Pro laboratory

Gray to binary code converter Pro

Convert Gray code to binary with a cumulative XOR chain.

74HC86

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13Pro laboratory

4 × 1 multiplexer Pro

Select A is the low bit and B is the high bit. Select one of four data inputs. 74153 is a multiplexer, not a register.

74HC153 / 74153

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14Pro laboratory

2-to-4 decoder Pro

Select exactly one output using a two-bit binary input.

74HC04 · 74HC08

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15Pro laboratory

4-to-2 encoder Pro

Set exactly one input HIGH. This is a one-hot encoder, not a priority encoder.

74HC32

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16Pro laboratory

3-to-8 decoder: 7404 and 7408 Pro

Build eight minterms using inverters and cascaded two-input AND gates. A is the least significant input bit.

7404 · 7408

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17Pro laboratory

Gated SR latch Pro

Enable permits Set and Reset. Reset starts HIGH to initialize Q. Never set both Set and Reset HIGH.

7404 · 7408 · 7400

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18Pro laboratory

Two-bit D register Pro

A rising Clock edge captures both data inputs. Reset clears both outputs asynchronously.

74HC74 / 7474

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19Pro laboratory

Four-bit asynchronous counter Pro

Turn Clock ON then OFF for one falling-edge count. Reset clears the JK stages; Q feeds the next stage clock.

74HC73 / 7473 · 7400

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A little room to experiment.
A lot of room to learn.

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Circuit examples · BreadCircuit